`Tar sands pond bird kills`

Environmental externality with explicit monetized fine ($100,000/bird). Propane cannons as the cost-rational response.

In Canada they have hundred-thousand-dollar geese. I always say, hey, come over here to Belmont where I live, right next to the high school — we could make millions of dollars, they've got lots of Canadian geese. You walk down the sidewalks and you're stepping all over it. But they have these tar sand ponds up in Fort McMurray where they have the tar sands, and if a bird flies and lands in the pond, they'll get coated with oil and they will no longer have their water repellency and they will die. To encourage the tar sands people, who are making lots of money, not to kill these poor Canadian geese, they fine them $100,000 a bird.