Egon Orowan Finnish coastline viscosity estimate

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SSW_S2013_06 · Solid State Welding, Spring 2013 · §7.p1

How do I increase the viscosity of something once I've made the joint? There are three basic ways. Viscosity can actually vary by about 20 orders of magnitude. Viscosity is just amount of displacement versus force over time. You want the longest period of time, the smallest displacement, and the biggest force, to measure a high viscosity. I mentioned Egon Orowan, who was one of the guys who discovered dislocations by watching the maid curl the rug and kick it across the room. Professor Orowan — a mechanical engineer, he's passed away, he'd be about 110 if he was still alive — once estimated the viscosity of the Finnish coastline. All the rocks in Finland, at 10 to the 22nd poise. I don't know if it's poise or centipoise, but when you get 10 to the 22nd, who cares? Viscosity can change by about 20 orders of magnitude, from something rock solid like a piece of sapphire or diamond, in terms of shear strength, to a very low viscosity liquid. Water is about 1 centipoise. Gases are about a thousand times more fluid. If you start looking at the shear strength of diamond, you'll find it's about 10 to the 18th. I don't know how he got his 10 to the 22nd for the Finnish coastline, because who had the force gauge there for the last million years?